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µÚÒ»Õ ÒýÑÔ/Ð÷ÂÛ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­1
1.1 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Ñо¿±³¾°¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.2 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Ñо¿ÒâÒå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.2.1 ÀíÂÛÒâÒå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.2.2 ʵ¼ùÒâÒå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.3 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿¹úÄÚÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.3.1 ¹úÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.3.2 ¹úÄÚÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.4 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿ÎÄÏ××ÛÊö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.4.1 ¹úÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.4.2 ¹úÄÚÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.5 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Ñо¿µÄÄ¿µÄºÍÄÚÈÝ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.5.1 Ñо¿Ä¿µÄ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.5.2 Ñо¿ÄÚÈÝ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.6 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Ñо¿µÄ·½·¨¼°¼¼Êõ·Ïß¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.6.1 Ñо¿·½·¨¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.6.2 Ñо¿¼¼Êõ·Ïß¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.7 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Äâ½â¾öµÄ¹Ø¼üÎÊÌâ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.8 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿´´ÐÂÐÔ/´´Ðµ㡭¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.9 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿±¾ÕÂС½á¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
µÚ¶þÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿»ù±¾¸ÅÄîºÍÀíÂÛ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­4
2.1 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ¶¨ÒåºÍÐÔÖÊ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­4
2.2 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ·ÖÀàºÍÌåϵ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­4
2.3 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄÑо¿·½·¨¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­5
2.4 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ»ù±¾ÀíÂÛ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­5
µÚÈýÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ¹¹³ÉÒªËØ/¹Ø¼ü¼¼Êõ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­6
3.1 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ×é³É²¿·Ö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­6
3.2 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ¹¦ÄÜÄ£¿é¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­6
3.3 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄÄÚÈÝÖ§³Ö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­7
µÚËÄÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ°¸Àý·ÖÎö/Ó¦ÓÃÁìÓò¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 8
4.1 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿ÎÊ°¸Àý·ÖÎö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 9
4.2 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­9
4.3 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Ñо¿²ßÂÔ ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­10
4.4 ±¾ÕÂС½á ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­10
µÚÎåÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄÉè¼Æ¡¢ÆÀ¼ÛÓëÓÅ»¯¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­10
5.1 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ½â¾ö´ëÊ© ¡­¡­ ¡­¡­¡­¡­ 11
5.2 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄÆÀ¼Û ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 12
5.3 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄÓÅ»¯ ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 13
5.4 ±¾ÕÂС½á ¡­¡­¡­¡­ ¡­¡­¡­¡­ 13
µÚÁùÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿µÄ¾­Ñé×ܽáÓëÆôʾ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­15
6.1 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿¾­Ñé×ܽᡭ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­15
6.2 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Ñо¿Æôʾ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­16
6.3 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿Î´À´·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 16
6.4 ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿±¾ÕÂС½á¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 16
µÚÆßÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿×ܽá½áÂÛÓ뽨Òé¡­¡­¡­17
7.1 ½áÂÛ¸ÅÀ¨¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­17
7.2 ¸ù¾Ý½áÂÛÌá³ö½¨Òé¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­17
7.3 ±¾ÕÂС½á¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­17
µÚ°ËÕ ҩѧԺҩѧÂÞ¾²»¨°Ü½´ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥²¿Î»»¯Ñ§³É·ÖÑо¿½áÂÛÓëÕ¹Íû/½áÊøÓï¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
8.1 Ñо¿³É¹û×ܽᡭ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
8.2 ´æÔÚÎÊÌâ¼°¸Ä½ø·½Ïò¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
8.3 δÀ´·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
ÖÂл ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­24
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 25
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[20] ÎâÕý˧,¹ùºìϼ.ÖÐѧ»¯Ñ§"½Ìʦ·¢Õ¹"Ñо¿×ÛÊö¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚ2017¡«2019ÄêÈË´ó¸´Ó¡±¨¿¯×ÊÁÏ¡¤¡¶ÖÐѧ»¯Ñ§½ÌÓëѧ¡·"½Ìʦ·¢Õ¹"À¸Ä¿ÂÛÎĵÄͳ¼Æ·ÖÎö.»¯Ñ§½Ìѧ,2021(4):21-26.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-6629.2021.04.004.

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